Tuesday, June 10, 2014

Review of chess games free::Yahoo Chess?







Review of chess games free::Yahoo Chess?








Bobby               Fischer,               the               greatest               American               chess               player               of               the               20th               Century               and               possibly               the               most               talented               player               of               all               time,               died               on               January               17,               2008               in               Reykjavik,               Iceland               of               an               undetermined               illness,               it               was               announced               today.

The               64-year-old               Fischer               had               been               gravely               ill               for               some               time.

It               was               a               symbolic               age               for               there               are               64               squares               on               a               chessboard.
               Known               for               his               eccentricities               and               stubbornness               --               both               qualities               that               factored               in               the               end               of               his               playing               career               in               1975               when,               as               the               reigning               World               Champion,               he               refused               to               defend               his               title               --               Fischer               spent               the               last               two               decades               of               his               life               in               exile               from               his               home               country.

Those               quirks               that               many               thought               were               part               of               a               psychological               warfare               arsenal               were               sadly               revealed               in               the               final               years               of               his               life               to               be               likely               manifestations               of               mental               illness.
               Robert               James               Fischer               was               born               in               March               9,               1943               in               Chicago               to               Regina               Wender               Fischer,               a               Swiss-born               Jew               who               had               been               raised               in               St.

Louis               and               was               a               naturalized               U.S.

citizen.

She               listed               her               first               husband,               the               German               biophysicist               Hans-Gerhardt               Fischer,               as               Bobby's               father               on               her               son's               birth               certificate,               but               when               Frau               Fischer               returned               to               the               U.S.

in               1939               after               studying               medicine               in               Germany,               her               husband               had               not               accompanied               her.

Fischer's               actual               father               might               have               been               the               Hungarian               physicist               Paul               Newmenyi,               who               also               was               Jewish.
               Fischer               would               become               a               rabid               anti-Semite               late               in               life,               and               insist               that               he               wasn't               Jewish.
               Fischer's               mother               formerly               divorced               Hans-Gerhardt               Fischer               in               1945.

The               young               Bobby               Fischer               was               raised               in               a               fatherless               home               by               his               mother               and               an               older               sister.

He               discovered               the               game               that               would               dominate               his               life               at               the               age               of               six,               after               his               sister               purchased               a               chess               set               in               a               candy               store               located               beneath               the               family's               apartment.
               Bobby               Fischer               reportedly               was               possessed               of               an               extremely               high               I.Q.

in               the               "Super               Genius"               range               of               180               (only               1%               of               all               people               have               an               I.Q.

of               135               or               higher),               though               he               quashed               any               such               talk.

What               is               demonstrable               is               that               Fischer               had               a               remarkably               retentive               memory.

It               was               said               that               Fischer               never               forgot               a               game               he               had               played,               or               any               game               analyses               that               he               had               read.

His               extremely               high               "chess               intelligence               quotient"               was               combined               with               a               fierce               determination               to               win               and               a               monomania               that               made               him               the               greatest               chess               player               in               the               world.
               Fischer               lived               and               breathed               chess,               eschewing               school               for               the               game               he               loved.

His               chess               teacher               became               a               father               figure               to               him,               and               he               became               a               National               Master               at               the               age               of               12.

Fischer               won               the               U.S.

Junior               Chess               Championship               in               July               1956               at               the               age               of               13,               making               him               the               youngest-ever               Junior               Champion.

He               successful               defended               the               title               the               following               year.
               On               October               17,               1956,               13-year-old               Bobby               Fischer,               playing               black,               defeated               26-year-old               Donald               Byrne,               the               winner               of               the               1953               U.S.

Chess               Championship,               in               a               game               at               the               Rosenwald               Memorial               Tournament               in               New               York,               New               York               that               has               gone               down               in               chess               history               as               "The               Game               of               the               Century."               Byrne               captured               Fischer's               queen,               but               the               teenager               compensated               by               taking               many               pieces               in               return.

In               addition               to               his               brilliance,               Fischer               displayed               the               innovation               and               improvisation               that               were               to               prove               the               twin               fonts               of               his               chess               "genius."
               After               winning               the               U.S.

Open               Chess               Championship               and               the               New               Jersey               Open               Championship,               he               was               invited               to               participate               in               the               U.S.

Chess               Championship,               held               in               January               1958.

He               won,               two               months               shy               of               his               15th               birthday,               becoming               the               youngest               U.S.

champion               in               history.

The               victory               brought               him               the               title               of               International               Master.

He               became               a               World               Chess               Federation               Grand               Master               later               that               year,               at               the               age               of               15               years,               six               months               and               one               day.

He               was               the               the               youngest               Grand               Master               in               history               at               that               point,               surpassing               Boris               Spassky               of               the               USSR,               who               had               become               a               Grand               Master               at               the               age               of               18               back               in               1955.

Fischer               and               Spassky's               names               were               fated               to               be               forever               linked               in               chess               history.
               Bobby               Fischer               dropped               out               of               Erasmus               High               School               in               Brooklyn,               New               York               after               turning               16.

He               supported               himself               playing               chess               for               the               rest               of               his               life.
               Fischer               first               played               Boris               Spassky               at               a               tournament               in               Argentina               in               1960.

Though               Fischer               lost               the               game               to               Spassky,               the               two               young               chess               masters               tied               and               were               co-winners               of               the               tourney.

The               loss               to               Spassky               was               the               only               loss               Fischer               had               in               the               tournament.

It               would               take               12               years               before               he               finally               beat               Spassky.
               In               1961,               Fischer               played               a               match               against               the               U.S.

Champion               Samuel               Reshevsky,               then               ranked               as               one               of               the               best               players               in               the               world               and               32               years               older               than               Fischer.

Fischer               was               tied               with               Reshevsky               after               11               games               (2               wins               each               &               7               draws),               but               dropped               out               of               the               match               due               to               a               dispute               over               scheduling               with               the               match               organizer.

It               was               a               sign               of               things               to               come.
               "Chess               is               war               over               the               board.

The               object               is               to               crush               the               opponent's               mind."               -               Bobby               Fischer
               By               1962,               Fischer               had               created               a               reputation               for               himself               as               the               most               talented               non-Soviet               chess               player               in               the               world,               despite               failing               in               that               year's               Candidates               Tournament,               a               preliminary               for               determining               who               will               play               for               the               World               Championship.

Five               of               the               eight               players               in               the               tournament               were               from               the               USSR,               and               Fischer               claimed               that               three               of               the               Soviet               players               were               colluding               to               draw               their               games               so               they               could               concentrate               on               playing               against               him.

The               Soviet               players               would               declare               draws               early               in               their               games,               then               involve               Fischer               in               long               games               that               were               psychologically               and               physically               draining.
               He               began               to               hate               the               Soviet               players.
               At               the               1966               Santa               Monica               super-tournament,               Fischer               finished               second               behind               Boris               Spassky,               then               won               tournaments               in               Monte               Carlo               and               Skopje               in               1967.

The               cycle               leading               to               the               World               Championship               began               in               1967               at               the               Sousse               Interzonal,               and               Fischer               scored               8.5               points               in               the               first               10               games.

However,               he               withdrew               from               the               tournament               due               to               a               scheduling               dispute               after               forfeiting               two               games               in               protest,               and               was               eliminated               from               the               1969               World               Championship               cycle.

Boris               Spassky               went               on               to               win               the               World               title.
               Fischer               entered               and               continued               to               win               the               U.S.

Championship               through               1966-67,               resulting               in               eight               straight               titles               since               his               first               victory               in               1957-1958.

He               continued               to               enter               and               win               other               major               tournaments               through               1968,               but               took               a               sabbatical               for               18               months.
               Bobby               Fischer               sat               out               the               1969               U.S.

Championship               because               he               did               not               like               the               format               and               was               dismayed               by               the               size               of               the               prize               money               pot.

Since               the               tournament               was               a               qualifier               for               the               World               Championship               cycle,               with               the               top               three               finishers               going               on               to               the               Interzonal               that               preceded               the               Candidates               tournament,               Fischer               should               have               been               eliminated               from               the               1969-72               Championship               cycle.

However,               he               was               able               to               go               on               and               play               in               the               the               Interzonal               when               one               Grand               Master               surrendered               his               spot               for               him.
               He               played               in               the               1970               USSR               v.

Rest               of               the               World               tournament               in               Belgrade,               Yugoslavia,               which               took               place               before               the               Interzonal.

Fischer               played               second               board,               culminating               in               a               victory               over               former               World               Champion               Tigran               Petrosian,               who               had               lost               his               crown               to               Spassky               in               1969.

Though               he               had               a               higher               rating,               Fischer               had               allowed               Bent               Larsen               of               Denmark               to               play               first               board               for               the               Rest               of               the               World               team,               but               the               Dane               lost               to               Spassky,               the               incumbent               World               Champ.
               Fischer               won               the               1970               Interzonal               with               a               score               of               18.5-4.5               score,               finishing               the               tournament               with               seven               consecutive               wins.

He               continued               his               winning               ways               in               1971,               racking               up               20               straight               victories               in               toto,               the               second               longest               winning               streak               in               the               history               of               chess.

Former               World               Champ               Petrosian               finally               broke               the               streak               during               a               match               with               Fischer,               but               the               American               bested               the               former               World               Champion               and               won               the               right               to               challenge               reigning               World               Cham               Boris               Spassky,               whom               he               had               never               beaten.
               LIFE               Magazine               called               him               "The               Deadly               Gamesman"               in               its               1971               cover               story.
               "I               am               the               best               player               in               the               world               and               I               am               here               to               prove               it."               -               Bobby               Fischer
               The               USSR               gave               special               treatment               to               its               Grand               Master               chess               players,               as               it               believed               the               Soviet               mastery               over               the               world's               most               difficult               game               proved               the               superiority               of               communism               over               capitalism,               at               least               for               propaganda               purposes.

Fischer               hated               the               Soviet               team               and               its               players               with               a               vengeance,               charging               that               the               Soviet               players               conspired               to               draw               each               other               so               they               could               concentrate               on               beating               him.

(There               was               truth               to               his               charges;               because               of               his               criticism,               round-robin               matches               of               the               kind               practiced               for               the               '70               Soviet               tournament               were               replaced               with               elimination               matches.)               His               enmity               towards               the               Soviet               players               did               not               extend               to               Boris               Spassky,               though.

They               liked               and               respected               each               other.
               By               1972,               he               had               finally               positioned               himself               to               make               good               his               objective               of               being               the               greatest               chess               player               in               the               world.

Beating               Spassky               was               the               only               remaining               obstacle.
               Fischer               had               always               been               difficult               when               it               came               to               establishing               match               and               tournament               conditions.

For               the               world               title,               he               wanted               to               play               in               Yugoslavia,               but               eventually               Fischer               agreed               to               Spassky's               choice               of               Iceland.

Fischer               also               complained               about               the               prize               money,               which               was               doubled               to               $250,000,               an               unprecedented               amount.
               The               negotiations               continued               even               after               Fischer               got               to               Iceland.

Fischer's               demands               included               lighting,               air               temperature,               the               size               of               the               table,               and               the               board               itself.

Henry               Kissinger,               President               Nixon's               national               security               adivser,               actually               intervened,               calling               Fischer               and               urging               him               to               take               on               Spassky.

The               match               for               the               World's               Championship               had               become               a               surrogate               for               the               Cold               War               being               waged               between               the               U.S.

and               the               USSR.

Fischer               declared               that               the               match               was               "the               free               world               against               the               lying,               cheating               hypocritical               Russians."
               The               match               between               Fischer               and               Spassky               was               held               in               Reykjavik,               Iceland,               from               July               through               September               1972.

Fischer               lost               the               first               two               games,               the               first               game               on               a               foolish               end               move               and               the               second               game               by               forfeit,               when               he               refused               to               leave               his               room.

He               was               close               to               forfeiting               the               match               due               to               his               eccentric               demands,               until               Spassky               agreed               to               Fischer's               request               to               move               the               third               game               to               a               different               room.

Fischer               had               been               upset               by               the               TV               cameras,               claiming               they               were               too               close               to               the               players.

They               played               the               third               game               in               back               room,               with               no               cameras.

Fischer               won.
               It               was               Bobby               FIscher's               first               victory               over               Boris               Spassky               in               12               years.

For               the               rest               of               their               play               in               1972               and               1992,               Fischer               never               fell               behind               Spassky.
               Fischer's               play               surprised               Spassky               as               the               American               chess               master               never               repeated               an               opening               line               throughout               the               match               and               often               played               opening               lines               that               had               not               been               part               of               his               historical               repertoire.

Having               a               phenomenal               memory               was               a               great               aid               in               match               play               since               Fischer               remembered               the               repertoire               of               other               players,               but               other               players               also               studied               Fischer.

However,               in               Iceland,               in               1972,               this               was               of               no               use               to               Spassky,               as               Fischer               was               playing               lines               he               had               never               played               before               during               his               chess               career.

It               was               highly               unorthodox               as               most               masters               go               with               their               strengths               and               continue               to               play               to               their               strong               suit               that               had               benefitted               them               historically.

But               this               was               part               of               Fischer's               genius               as               a               player,               the               ability               to               improvise.

It               became               a               Cold               War               metaphor               for               the               West,               that               our               people               could               improvise,               and               the               closed               Soviet               system               created               closed               minds.
               After               half               the               match               was               over,               Spassky               tired               to               follow               suit               and               did               not               play               his               establishing               opening               lines,               but               it               didn't               help.Bobby               Fischer               won               the               match               and               became               the               11th               World               Chess               Champion               by               racking               up               12.5               points               to               Spassky's               8.5               with               seven               wins               against               one               loss               and               11               draws               in               19               games.
               Fischer's               win               was               touted               in               the               American               press               as               a               great               victory               for               the               individualistic               United               States               over               the               collectivist               Soviet               Union,               whose               chess               players               had               dominated               the               game               internationally               since               the               end               of               World               War               II.

The               Fischer-Spassky               match               was               front-page               news               in               the               U.S.,               a               country               previously               not               known               to               follow               the               sport.

The               U.S.

Chess               Federation               reported               that               its               membership               doubled               in               1972.
               Bobby               Fischer               was               now               a               celebrity,               appearing               on               the               covers               of               LIFE               Magazine               and               Sports               Illustrated.

However,               aside               from               appearing               on               a               Bob               Hope               TV               special,               Fischer               refused               to               cash               in.

He               turned               down               $1               million               to               endorse               a               chess               board,               and               went               into               seclusion.
               Three               years               after               his               victory               over               Spassky,               Fischer               --               who               had               not               played               competitively               during               that               time               --               refused               to               defend               his               title               when               the               World               Chess               Federation               failed               to               meet               one               of               his               64               demands               (other               sources               put               it               at               two               of               over               a               hundred)               for               a               match.

Fischer               had               stipulated               that               in               case               of               9-9               tie,               he               would               retain               his               title.

Under               extant               rules,               the               winner               would               have               had               to               score               9.5.

Since               Fischer's               demand               meant               that               the               challenger               would               have               to               beat               him               with               10               games,               the               Federation               refused.

Fischer               then               declined               to               his               title,               despite               the               fact               that               the               other               63               demands               had               been               met.

The               World               title               went               to               Anatoly               Karpov               by               default.
               Bobby               Fischer               continued               to               insist               he               was               the               World               Chess               Champion,               as               he               had               not               lost               the               title               in               a               match.
               To               say               that               Fischer               was               odd               is               an               understatement.

The               Grand               Master               who               said,               "I               like               the               moment               when               I               break               a               man's               ego,"               also               told               a               colleague               of               his               admiration               of               Adolf               Hitler,               because               "he               imposed               his               will               on               the               world."               It               was               a               delicately               balanced               psyche               poised               to               run               amok.
               Fischer               reappeared               in               1992               when,               defying               United               Nations               sanctions               that               imposed               a               ban               on               commerce               with               Slobodan               Miloševiæ's               Serbia,               he               met               Boris               Spassky               for               a               rematch               on               the               resort               island               of               Sveti               Stefan.in               Montenegro,               in               what               was               then               the               rump               of               Yugoslavia.

He               beat               his               "Match               of               a               Century"               opponent               and               pocketed               $3.35               million               in               prize               money,               but               faced               with               a               10-year               jail               sentence               if               he               returned               to               the               U.S.,               Fischer               decided               to               remain               in               exile.

He               was               a               vagabond,               living               first               in               Hungary,               then               in               the               Philippines,               before               winding               up               in               Japan.
               He               renounced               his               U.S.

citizenship               in               Japan,               after               he               was               busted               for               traveling               with               an               invalid               U.S.

passport.

The               Japanese               prevented               him               from               leaving               the               country.

Eventually,               Iceland               --               grateful               that               he               had               put               then-little-known               Reykjavik               on               the               world               map               --               granted               him               citizenship,               and               he               moved               back               to               where               he               had               first               beat               Boris               Spassky               and               became               part               of               history.
               During               the               second               decade               of               his               exile,               Fischer               became               a               well-established               public               lunatic,               praising               the               9/11               terrorist               attack               on               the               U.S.

and               becoming               a               rabid               anti-Semite.

He               made               broadcasts               from               the               Philippines               in               which               he               denounced               the               U.S.

He               had               evolved               from               a               rabid               anti-communist               into               a               rabid               hater               of               the               U.S.

and               of               Jews.

He               dropped               the               surname               of               "Fischer"               and               renamed               himself               Robert               James.

The               newly               christened               Robert               James               insisted               that               he               wasn't               Jewish.
               Bobby               Fischer               had               never               developed               a               life               outside               of               chess,               like               most               other               grand               masters;               thus,               the               man               who               might               have               established               himself               as               the               greatest               chess               player               of               all               time               instead               collapsed               onto               himself               and               lived               the               last               years               of               his               life               deep               in               a               well               of               paranoia               and               bigotry.






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